Snapshot A 45-year-old woman presents to the clinic for a nonproductive cough of 2 weeks. She has been feeling increasingly fatigued, weak, and has had low-grade fevers. She reports that she also has shortness of breath with any physical exertion. She smokes 2 cigarettes a day. She has had 10 different sexual partners in the past month and does not use protection reliably. She has a past medical history of diabetes and reports that “something bad” was found on her labs a year ago but that she never followed-up as she had been feeling fine. On physical exam, she has diffused crackles in the lungs. Upon review of her chart, she had a positive HIV test a year ago. She is started on empiric antibiotics. Introduction Classification login to view 3 more bullets Associated conditions login to view 1 more bullet Prevention login to view 4 more bullets Epidemiology Incidence login to view 2 more bullets Risk factors login to view 4 more bullets ETIOLOGY Pathogenesis login to view 3 more bullets Presentation Symptoms login to view 7 more bullets Physical exam login to view 2 more bullets Imaging Chest radiography login to view 4 more bullets Computed tomography (CT) of the chest login to view 5 more bullets Studies Labs login to view 1 more bullet Pulmonary function tests login to view 2 more bullets Histology login to view 2 more bullets Making the diagnosis login to view 2 more bullets Differential Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia login to view 3 more bullets Tuberculosis login to view 2 more bullets Treatment Management approach login to view 1 more bullet Medical login to view 17 more bullets Complications Acute respiratory distress syndrome Prognosis Mortality is 10-20%