Snapshot A 20-year-old woman presents to the clinic complaining of intermittent abdominal pain. She reports that the pain has been present for as long as she can remember and would improve after she defecates or when she is relaxed. It is especially worse now as she is feeling stressed because of final exams. Her past medical history is significant for an extensive gastrointestinal workup (e.g., fecal leukocytes, stool culture, fecal RBCs, and colonoscopy) with no abnormalities. A physical examination demonstrates an anxious patient with unremarkable findings. Introduction Clinical definition login to view 2 more bullets Associated conditions login to view 4 more bullets Epidemiology Demographics login to view 2 more bullets ETIOLOGY Pathogenesis login to view 6 more bullets Presentation Symptoms login to view 5 more bullets Physical exam login to view 2 more bullets imaging Abdominal imaging (e.g., radiograph) login to view 2 more bullets Studies Diagnostic testing login to view 19 more bullets Differential Celiac disease login to view 2 more bullets Inflammatory bowel disease login to view 2 more bullets Treatment First-line login to view 6 more bullets Second-line login to view 2 more bullets Complications Dehydration Electrolyte imbalance Bowel impaction Hemorrhoids