Snapshot A 71-year-old man with coronary artery disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive lung disease, lung cancer, and arthritis is admitted for septic arthritis of his right knee after a recent steroid injection. He undergoes treatment with antibiotics and incision and drainage of the right knee. He reports feeling better with good pain control with hydrocodone; however, on postoperative day 3, he develops acute abdominal distention that is slightly tender to palpation. Abdominal radiography demonstrates cecal dilation to 11 cm. Introduction Clinical definition login to view 2 more bullets Associated conditions login to view 2 more bullets Epidemiology Often in the elderly Risk factors login to view 5 more bullets ETIOLOGY Pathogenesis login to view 2 more bullets Presentation Symptoms login to view 3 more bullets Physical exam login to view 3 more bullets IMAGING Diagnostic testing login to view 6 more bullets Differential Toxic megacolon login to view 3 more bullets Large bowel obstruction login to view 2 more bullets Treatment First line login to view 4 more bullets Second line login to view 3 more bullets Third line login to view 2 more bullets Fourth line login to view 2 more bullets Complications Ischemic colitis Intestinal perforation Volvulus