Snapshot A 5-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with his mother for worsening shortness of breath. The mother reports that approximately 2 days ago, he was developing fevers and a cough but was otherwise doing well. However, the patient appears more fatigued and making "noises" when he's breathing. His temperature is 102°F (38.9°C), blood pressure is 75/50 mmHg, pulse is 110/min, and respirations are 28/min with an oxygen saturation of 93%. The patient is given inhaled epinephrine, which did not improve his symptoms. Physical examination is notable for nasal flaring and intercostal retractions. The patient is started on intravenous fluids and empiric antibiotics and was intubated for airway protection and admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit for further monitoring. Introduction Overview login to view 10 more bullets Epidemiology Incidence login to view 1 more bullet Demographic login to view 3 more bullets Location login to view 1 more bullet Risk factors login to view 7 more bullets ETIOLOGY Pathophysiology login to view 2 more bullets Associated conditions login to view 1 more bullet Presentation Symptoms login to view 6 more bullets Physical exam login to view 5 more bullets Imaging Radiography login to view 7 more bullets Studies Labs login to view 2 more bullets Differential Viral croup login to view 4 more bullets Epiglottitis login to view 3 more bullets Treatment Prevention login to view 2 more bullets Pharmacologic login to view 3 more bullets Nonoperative login to view 4 more bullets Prognosis Full recovery with no long-term morbidity is typically expected