Snapshot A 6-month old infant is seen in the emergency room for wheezing. His breathing has become increasingly difficult over the past 2-3 days. He has also had a worsening cough, subjective fevers, and rhinitis. Today, his parents took him to the pediatrician’s office, where his oxygen saturation was 80% on room air. He was sent immediately from the clinic to the emergency room via ambulance, where he was given supplemental oxygen. On physical exam, he has increased work of breath with nasal flaring, grunting, and intercostal retractions. He also has bilateral wheezes. His parents are counseled on the possibility of further interventions if his oxygen saturation does not improve. Introduction Clinical definition login to view 1 more bullet Prevention login to view 6 more bullets Epidemiology Incidence login to view 1 more bullet Demographics login to view 1 more bullet Risk factors login to view 7 more bullets Etiology Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) login to view 2 more bullets Rhinovirus Parainfluenza virus Influenza virus Coronavirus Pathogenesis login to view 2 more bullets Presentation Symptoms login to view 5 more bullets Physical exam login to view 6 more bullets Studies Labs login to view 1 more bullet Differential Asthma login to view 3 more bullets Foreign body aspiration login to view 2 more bullets DIAGNOSIS Making the diagnosis login to view 1 more bullet Treatment Conservative login to view 6 more bullets Complications Hypoxemic respiratory failure login to view 3 more bullets Prognosis Typically self-limited More severe in infants < 6 months of age