Snapshot A 54-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for an annual examination. In his previous visit, he was diagnosed with hypertension. In today's visit, his blood pressure has not improved given his difficulty to adhere to a diet with more fruits and vegetables and exercise. His medical history is significant for type II diabetes mellitus and he is currently taking metformin. Physical examination is remarkable for a blood pressure of 152/99 mmHg and mildly decreased vibration and proprioception sense in his lower extremities. He is started on lisinopril. Introduction Antihypertensive medications are used to manage hypertension in patients where conservative measures are ineffective login to view 15 more bullets Diuretics Medications login to view 7 more bullets Note that loop diuretic abuse can result in an increased sodium and potassium level in the urine Sympatholytics Medications login to view 17 more bullets Vasodilators Medications login to view 13 more bullets Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Inhibitors Medications login to view 17 more bullets Antihypertensives in Pregnancy Medication options used to manage hypertension in pregnancy include login to view 4 more bullets Antihypertensives in Hypertensive Emergencies Nitroprusside login to view 4 more bullets Fenoldopam login to view 5 more bullets Nicardipine and clevidipine login to view 2 more bullets Labetalol login to view 2 more bullets Antihypertensive Medications That Address Comorbid Conditions Individualizing Antihypertensive TherapyConditionAntihypertensive MedicationBenign prostatic hyperplasiaα-blockersEssential tremorβ-blockerHyperthyroidismβ-blockerMigraineβ-blockerCalcium channel blockerOsteoporosisThiazide diureticsRaynaud phenomenonDihydropyridine calcium channel blocker