Snapshot A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency room after collapsing while hiking. His hiking group reports that he had not had any water to drink as he was nauseous from food poisoning the night before when he had copious amounts of diarrhea. His blood pressure is 85/53 mmHg. On physical exam, he has no jugular venous distention, his mucous membranes are dry and skin is cold and clammy with reduced skin turgor. He is given fluids. (Hypovolemic shock) Introduction Clinical definition login to view 1 more bullet Etiology Hemorrhagic login to view 5 more bullets Non-hemorrhagic login to view 4 more bullets Pathogenesis login to view 2 more bullets Presentation Symptoms login to view 1 more bullet Physical exam login to view 6 more bullets Imaging Imaging as needed to identify the underlying cause Studies Pulmonary artery catheterization login to view 4 more bullets Making the diagnosis login to view 1 more bullet Differential Different Types of ShockShock TypeSkinWedge Pressure (PCWP) (Preload)Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) (Afterload)Cardiac OutputHyovolemic Cold and clammy skin ↓↓ ↑ ↓Cardiogenic↑↑↓Obstructive ↑ or ↓ ↑ ↔ or ↓↓Distributive Warm or dry skin ↔ or ↓ ↓↓ ↓ or ↑ Treatment Management approach login to view 2 more bullets Medical login to view 4 more bullets Complications Acute renal failure