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Updated: Jan 1 2022

Cromolyn

  • Snapshot
  • Introduction
    • One of 7 medications used for asthma aimed to reduce inflammation and obstruction
      • corticosteroids
      • β-agonists
      • muscarinic agonists
      • methylxanthines
      • cromolyn
        • sister drug nedocromil used similarly in asthma
      • antileukotrienes
      • omalizumab
  • Cromolyn
    • Mechanism of action
      • mast cell stabilizer
        • prevents degranulation and subsequent release of inflammatory mediators
    • Clinical uses
      • asthma
        • inhaled or nebulized form
        • prophylaxis is most common use
          • effective in preventing exacerbations if given 10-15 minutes before a known trigger
            • e.g. exercise, cold air, or animals
        • maintenance
          • considered an alternative first-line therapy in mild persistent asthma
          • less effective than inhaled corticosteroids but fewer side effects
          • useful in patients who cannot tolerate steroid side effects such as recurrent respiratory infections, ear infections, or oropharyngeal thrush
      • systemic mastocytosis
        • oral form
      • allergic rhinitis
        • nasal form
      • vernal keratoconjunctivitis
        • ophthalmic form
    • Adverse effects
      • transient cough (20%)
      • pruritus and/or burning sensation of the nose
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