Snapshot A 52-year-old man presents to the emergency department for fever, chills, and pain in the left foot. His symptoms progessively worsened over the course of a week. Medical history is significant for poorly controlled type II diabetes mellitus. On physical exam, there is tenderness to palpation of the left foot. Laboratory testing is significant for an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein; as well as, a leukocytosis. A plain radiograph demonstrates periosteal thickening and soft tissue swelling. Introduction Clinical definition login to view 7 more bullets Epidemiology Risk factors login to view 6 more bullets Etiology Note that infection can be due to bacteria, fungi, and mycobacteria Microbiology login to view 20 more bullets Pathogenesis login to view 4 more bullets Presentation Symptoms login to view 6 more bullets Physical exam login to view 10 more bullets Imaging Radiographs login to view 5 more bullets Magnetic resonance imaging login to view 4 more bullets Studies Labs login to view 5 more bullets Biopsy and culture login to view 1 more bullet Differential Septic arthritis Gout Cellulitis Osteosarcoma Treatment Medical login to view 4 more bullets Operative login to view 3 more bullets Complications Bone necrosis Sepsis Squamous cell carcinoma login to view 1 more bullet Prognosis Mortality has significantly decreased since the use of antibiotics