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Updated: Dec 27 2021

Presbyopia

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https://upload.medbullets.com/topic/121876/images/presbyopia 123.jpg
https://upload.medbullets.com/topic/121876/images/09042018vldstep2opthalmologypresbyopia.jpg
  • Snapshot
    • A 44-year-old woman presents with decreased visual acuity. She has noticed her vision progressively worsens throughout the years. She reports mild blurry vision when reading a book or looking at her watch. In order to see the image clearer, she needs to put items at arm's length. She denies any trouble seeing objects clearly at far distances.
  • Introduction
    • Also known as age-related nearsightedness
  • Epidemiology
    • Usually begin at 40 years of age
      • focusing power is lost fully by ~ 65 years old
  • etiology
    • Pathogenesis
      • secondary to loss of elasticity of the crystalline lens
        • results in decreased accommodating power when seeing objects at arm's length or closer
        • image focuses behind the retina
  • Presentation
    • Symptoms
      • gradual loss of near-vision (e.g., reading)
  • Differential
    • Hyperopia
    • Cataracts
  • diagnosis
    • Clinical diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Corrective lenses
      • e.g., convex lenses, bifocals, trifocals, and multifocals
    • Corrective surgery
  • Prognosis
    • Focusing power is progressively lost
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