Snapshot A 38-year-old man presents to the emergency department with worsening vision loss. His symptoms are accompanied by floaters and episodes of photopsia. Medical history is significant for HIV infection, which he has been nonadherent to his antiretroviral therapy. His CD4+ count is 45/mm3. Dilated fundoscopic examination demonstrates a white, granular retinal lesion. Introduction Pathogenesis login to view 1 more bullet Overview Opportunistic infection of the retina caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) login to view 1 more bullet Epidemiology Risk factors login to view 2 more bullets Presentation Symptoms login to view 4 more bullets Physical exam login to view 2 more bullets Differential HIV retinopathy login to view 4 more bullets Treatment Medical login to view 6 more bullets Complications Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Prognosis Improved with antiretroviral therapy