Snapshot A 55-year-old woman presents to the clinic for an annual well-exam. She has no major complaints besides some constipation over the past week that she attributes to her change in diet. She denies any chest pain, fever, weight changes, abdominal pain, or palpitations. A routine laboratory exam demonstrates hypercalcemia. Introduction Clinical definition login to view 2 more bullets Associated conditions login to view 3 more bullets Serum Ca2+Serum PhosphasteSerum PTHPrimary↑↓↑SecondaryNormal/↓↑↑Tertiary↑↑↑ Epidemiology Demographics login to view 1 more bullet Risk factors login to view 4 more bullets ETIOLOGY Pathogenesis login to view 16 more bullets Presentation Symptoms login to view 8 more bullets Physical exam login to view 1 more bullet imaging Bone mineral density test login to view 2 more bullets Computed tomography (CT) login to view 1 more bullet Radiograph login to view 2 more bullets Sestamibi parathyroid scan login to view 2 more bullets Studies Diagnostic testing login to view 20 more bullets Differential Paraneoplastic syndrome (e.g., squamous cell cancer of the lung) login to view 2 more bullets Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) login to view 2 more bullets Treatment Acute hypercalcemia login to view 2 more bullets Asymptomatic patients login to view 4 more bullets Symptomatic patients (e.g., nephrolithiasis) login to view 7 more bullets Complications Peptic ulcer disease login to view 1 more bullet Acute pancreatitis login to view 1 more bullet CNS dysfunction login to view 2 more bullets