Please confirm topic selection

Are you sure you want to trigger topic in your Anconeus AI algorithm?

Please confirm action

You are done for today with this topic.

Would you like to start learning session with this topic items scheduled for future?

Updated: Dec 11 2019

[Blocked from Release] Acquired Auditory Disorders

Introduction
  • Loss of hearing after having previous auditory functioning
  • Etiologies
    • presbycusis
      • age-related hearing loss
      • onset in the 5th-6th decade
      • predominantly a high frequency hearing loss 
    • drug-induced ototoxicity
      • loop diuretics
      • aspirin
      • aminoglycosides
      • cisplatin
    • lymphadenopathy
      • may result in serous otitis media
    • bacterial meningitis
      • most common cause of hearing loss in children
      • meningitis patients should have their hearing tested following bacterial meningitis
    • otosclerosis
      • one of the most common cuases of hearing loss in adults
      • caused by fusion of otic bones resulting in conductive hearing loss
    • tympanic membrane rupture
      • blunt/penetrating trauma
      • barotrauma
        • etiologies include
          • airplanes
          • gunshots
          • diving
      • temporal bone fracture
    • malignancy
      • ex.) acoustic neuroma
    • multiple sclerosis
    • pseudotumor cerebri
    • sarcoidosis
Presentation
  • Symptoms
    • gradual to subacute to acute hearing loss
    • may or may not be associated with vestibular symptoms
  • Physical exam
    • Rhine and Weber tests to determine conductive vs sensorineural hearing loss
    • Rinne test
      • tunning fork placed on the mastoid process
      • normal: air (AC) > bone conduction (BC)
    • Weber test
      • tunning fork placed in the middle of the forehead
    • Normal
      • sound should be of equal intensity in both ears
    • Conduction deafness
      • Rinne: BC > AC (in damaged ear)
      • Weber: lateralization to damaged ear
    • Sensorineural deafness
      • Rinne: AC > BC (in damaged ear)
      • Weber lateralizes to healthy ear
Evaluation
  • Audiometry
  • Brain imaging
Treatment
  • Supportive to surgical depending on cause
Question
1 of 1
Private Note