Review Question - QID 213196

A 1-month-old boy is brought in by his mother for episodes of “not breathing.” She reports noticing that the patient will occasionally stop breathing while he’s sleeping, and that these episodes have been occurring more frequently. The patient was born at 32 weeks due to placental insufficiency. He was in the neonatal intensive care unit for 1 day to be placed on a respirator. During prenatal testing, it was revealed that the mother was not immune to rubella, but she otherwise had an uncomplicated pregnancy. She has no medical conditions and took only prenatal vitamins. The patient has a 3-year-old sister who is healthy. His father has a “heart condition.” The patient’s temperature is 98°F (36.7°C), blood pressure is 91/55 mmHg, pulse is 207/min, and respirations are 50/min with an oxygen saturation of 97% on room air. Physical examination is notable for pale conjunctiva. Labs are obtained, as shown below:

Leukocyte count: 10,000/mm^3 with normal differential
Hemoglobin: 8.2 g/dL
Hematocrit: 28%
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV): 100 um^3
Platelet count: 300,000/mm^3
Reticulocyte count: 0.8% (normal range: 2-6%)
Lactate dehydrogenase: 120 U/L (normal range: 100-250 U/L)

A peripheral smear reveals normocytic and normochromic red blood cells. Which of the following is a mechanism for the patient’s most likely diagnosis?