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Review Question - QID 210980

Electrolyte Disturbances Potassium Electrolyte Disturbances Hyponatremia Hypernatremia Definition serum sodium of < 135 mmol/L Etiology pseudohyponatremia hyperglycemia hyperlipidemia hypervolemic hyponatremia congestive heart failure nephrotic syndrome cirrh QID: 210980 (M2.OMB.18.52)
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QID 210980 (Type "210980" in App Search)
A 68-year-old man presents to the emergency department with confusion. The patient lives in a nursing home and has Alzheimer dementia at baseline. His nurse noticed that he was more confused than usual and was somnolent for the past 12 hours. The patient’s nurse also noticed that he was soiling his diapers more frequently with copious amounts of urine. The patient has lost 15 pounds since his last appointment 3 weeks ago. His temperature is 98.7°F (37°C), blood pressure is 102/62 mmHg, pulse is 103/min, respirations are 16/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. Laboratory values are ordered as seen below.

Serum:
Na+: 139 mEq/L
Cl-: 100 mEq/L
K+: 4.3 mEq/L
HCO3-: 25 mEq/L
BUN: 20 mg/dL
Glucose: 99 mg/dL
Creatinine: 1.1 mg/dL
Ca2+: 12.2 mg/dL
PTH: 8 pg/mL

The patient is referred to another physician for a more thorough workup including laboratory work and CT imaging. Which of the following is the most appropriate long-term prophylaxis for the cause of this patient’s acute symptoms?
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