Review Question - QID 109868

A 2-month-old infant is brought in by his mother for runny nose and cough. She reports he had an ear infection 2 weeks ago, and since then he has had a productive cough and nasal congestion. His medical history is significant for multiple ear infections and eczematous dermatitis. He has also been hospitalized for 2 episodes of severe viral bronchiolitis. The mother reports that the infant has a good appetite but has had intermittent, non-bloody diarrhea. His temperature is 101°F (38.3°C), blood pressure is 79/51 mmHg, pulse is 136/min, and respirations are 39/min. The patient is at the 20th percentile for weight. On physical examination, the patient has widespread, dry, erythematous patches, mucopurulent nasal drip, and crusting of the nares. His tongue is coated by a thick white film which is easily scraped off. Crackles are heard at the left lung base. Labs are drawn, as shown below:

Hemoglobin: 12.8 g/dL
Platelets: 280,000/mm^3
Leukocytes: 2,500/mm^3
Neutrophils: 1,600/mm^3
Lymphocytes: 750/mm^3

Serum:
Na+: 138 mEq/L
Cl-: 96 mEq/L
K+: 4.3 mEq/L
HCO3-: 23 mEq/L
Urea nitrogen: 18 mg/dL
Glucose: 90 mg/dL
Creatinine: 1.0 mg/dL
Ca2+: : 9.2 mg/dL

Which of the following is the most likely pathophysiology?