Review Question - QID 109676

A 32-year-old man is brought into the emergency department by his friends. The patient was playing soccer when he suddenly became short of breath. The patient used his albuterol inhaler with minimal improvement in his symptoms. He is currently struggling to breathe. The patient has a past medical history of asthma and a 25-pack-year smoking history. His current medications include albuterol, fluticasone, and oral prednisone. His temperature is 99.5°F (37.5°C), blood pressure is 137/78 mmHg, pulse is 120/min, respirations are 27/min, and oxygen saturation is 88% on room air. On pulmonary exam, the patient exhibits no wheezing with bilateral minimal air movement. The patient’s laboratory values are ordered as seen below.

Hemoglobin: 15 g/dL
Hematocrit: 43%
Leukocyte count: 5,500/mm^3 with normal differential
Platelet count: 194,000/mm^3

Serum:
Na+: 138 mEq/L
Cl-: 102 mEq/L
K+: 4.4 mEq/L
HCO3-: 24 mEq/L
BUN: 20 mg/dL
Glucose: 120 mg/dL
Creatinine: 1.0 mg/dL
Ca2+: 10.2 mg/dL
pH: 7.44
PaCO2: 10 mmHg
PaO2: 60 mmHg
AST: 12 U/L
ALT: 10 U/L

The patient is started on an albuterol nebulizer, magnesium sulfate, and tiotropium bromide. Repeat vitals reveal an oxygen saturation of 90% with a pulse of 115/min. Laboratory values are repeated as seen below.

pH: 7.40
PaCO2: 44 mmHg
PaO2: 64 mmHg

Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of this patient?