Please confirm topic selection

Are you sure you want to trigger topic in your Anconeus AI algorithm?

Please confirm action

You are done for today with this topic.

Would you like to start learning session with this topic items scheduled for future?

Review Question - QID 109332

In scope icon M 6 D
QID 109332 (Type "109332" in App Search)
A 56-year-old woman is one week status post abdominal hysterectomy when she develops a fever of 101.4°F (38.6°C). Her past medical history is significant for type II diabetes mellitus and a prior history of alcohol abuse. The operative report and intraoperative cystoscopy indicate that the surgery was uncomplicated. The nurse reports that since the surgery, the patient has also complained of worsening lower abdominal pain. She has given the patient the appropriate pain medications with little improvement. The patient has tolerated an oral diet well and denies nausea, vomiting, or abdominal distension. Her blood pressure is 110/62 mmHg, pulse is 122/min, and respirations are 14/min. Since being given 1000 mL of intravenous fluids yesterday, the patient has excreted 800 mL of urine. On physical exam, she is uncomfortable, shivering, and sweating. The surgical site is intact, but the surrounding skin appears red. No drainage is appreciated. The abdominal examination reveals tenderness to palpation and hypoactive bowel sounds. Labs and a clean catch urine specimen are obtained as shown below:


Leukocyte count and differential:
Leukocyte count: 18,000/mm^3
Segmented neutrophils: 80%
Bands: 10%
Eosinophils: 1%
Basophils: < 1%
Lymphocytes: 5%
Monocytes: 4%
Platelet count: 300,000/mm^3

Hemoglobin: 12.5 g/dL
Hematocrit: 42%

Urine:
Epithelial cells: 15/hpf
Glucose: positive
RBC: 1/hpf
WBC: 2/hpf
Bacteria: 50 cfu/mL
Ketones: none
Nitrites: negative
Leukocyte esterase: negative

Which of the following is most likely the cause of this patient’s symptoms?

Alcohol withdrawal

2%

1/49

Surgical error

4%

2/49

Post-operative ileus

16%

8/49

Urinary tract infection

16%

8/49

Wound infection

55%

27/49

Select Answer to see Preferred Response

bookmode logo Review TC In New Tab

The patient is presenting with fever and bandemia, one week status post a surgical procedure with evidence of redness and tenderness at the surgical site. This is most suspicious for a wound infection.

A wound infection normally presents as a post-operative fever and leukocytosis one week following a surgical procedure. It is diagnosed clinically with additional evidence of localized erythema, warmth, and pain at the incision site. There may also be purulent wound drainage or compromised wound integrity. Diabetes, obesity, immunosuppression, smoking, and malnutrition can increase the risk of surgical site infection. Other common causes of post-operative fever and their time course include: atelectasis within 24 hours, urinary tract infection on day three, deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolus on day five, and deep abscess or drug reaction on day ten.

Incorrect Answers:
Answer 1: Alcohol withdrawal usually presents five days after the patient’s last drink. Signs and symptoms include disorientation, low grade fever, sweating, hypertension, tachycardia, and tremors. If unrecognized and untreated, it may escalate to seizures and hallucinations.

Answer 2: Surgical error, such as transection of the ureter, is a risk in pelvic surgery. However, this patient’s urine output is adequate, and an intraoperative cystoscopy had been performed and was unremarkable. Symptoms can include zero to low urine volume, hematuria, tender abdomen, involuntary guarding, and flank pain.

Answer 3: Post-operative ileus can commonly occur following abdominal surgery but will be diagnosed as prolonged post-operative ileus around day five or six. Symptoms include absence of flatus or stool, post-operative nausea and vomiting, pain with oral intake, and abdominal distension. Low grade fever and an elevated WBC may also be seen.

Answer 4: Urinary tract infections can cause post-operative fever, which normally present three days after surgery. The urinalysis may be positive for hematuria, pyuria, leukocyte esterase, nitrites, or bacteria > 100 cfu/mL on catherized specimen or > 100,000 cfu/mL on clean catch.

Bullet Summary:
Wound infections are common causes of post-operative fever and leukocytosis, often presenting around one week following surgery with redness and tenderness to palpation surrounding the surgical site.

Authors
Rating
Please Rate Question Quality

4.9

  • star icon star icon star icon
  • star icon star icon star icon
  • star icon star icon star icon
  • star icon star icon star icon
  • star icon star icon star icon

(7)

Attach Treatment Poll
Treatment poll is required to gain more useful feedback from members.
Please enter Question Text
Please enter at least 2 unique options
Please enter at least 2 unique options
Please enter at least 2 unique options