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Biotin
70%
55/79
Niacin
18%
14/79
Riboflavin
6%
5/79
Vitamin A
1%
1/79
Vitamin K
4%
3/79
Select Answer to see Preferred Response
This patient is presenting with dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia which can be found in niacin deficiency. Niacin (vitamin B3) is a vitamin that is found in a variety of foods. Niacin deficiency can be seen in patients with diets that largely consist of corn, in alcoholics, and in patients with malabsorption issues. The characteristic findings associated with niacin deficiency are glossitis (a smooth appearing tongue) and "the three D's": diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia which can progress to death, if untreated. The treatment of pellagra is to administer niacin. Figure A depicts the rough, hyperpigmented, and dry skin of dermatitis associated with pellagra. Incorrect Answers: Answer 1: Symptoms of biotin (vitamin B7) deficiency are non-specific but can include changes in mental status, anorexia, brittle hair, and myalgias. This is an uncommon nutritional deficiency. Answer 3: Riboflavin (vitamin B2) deficiency is associated with a sore throat, angular cheilitis, stomatitis, and glossitis. Answer 4: Vitamin A deficiency can present with dry skin and night blindness as well as Bitot spots on physical exam. Answer 5: Vitamin K deficiency presents with easy bleeding/bruising as vitamin K is used to produce coagulation factors. Bullet Summary: Niacin deficiency presents with diarrhea, dementia, dermatitis, and death if untreated.
4.9
(7)
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