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No change in murmur intensity with valsalva; X-linked recessive
0%
0/84
Decreased murmur intensity with valsalva; X-linked recessive
6%
5/84
Decreased murmur intensity with valsalva; autosomal dominant
19%
16/84
Increased murmur intensity with valsalva; autosomal dominant
69%
58/84
Increased murmur intensity with valsalva; X-linked recessive
5%
4/84
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) will present with a systolic murmur that increases in intensity with the valsalva maneuver. HCM is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. HCM is a form of cardiomyopathy that can cause sudden death in young athletes. Echocardiography is useful in the diagnosis, as it shows asymmetrically thickened LV walls, a thickened interventricular septum, and a normal ejection fraction (EF). The murmur of HCM is classically a crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur that increases in intensity with any maneuver (such as valsalva) that decreases the blood volume (preload) in the left ventricle. Incorrect Answers: Answers 1-3 & 5: None of these combinations of murmur alterations and inheritance patterns are correct for the specific pathology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
4.6
(5)
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