Spontaneous abortion is the loss of pregnancy naturally before twenty weeks of gestation. Colloquially, spontaneous abortion is referred to as a ‘miscarriage’ to avoid association with induced abortion.[1] Early pregnancy loss refers only to spontaneous abortion in the first trimester. However, the first trimester is when most spontaneous abortions occur.[1][2] Therefore, in this article, these three terms will be used interchangeably. Early pregnancy loss takes many different forms. In missed abortion, there is asymptomatic or ‘missed’ death of the embryo or fetus without sufficient uterine contractions to push out the products of conception.[3] In contrast, threatened abortion is characterized by symptomatic, ‘threatened’ expulsion of the products of conception, yet the cervical os remains closed, and the embryo or fetus remains viable.[4] Inevitable abortion is distinguished from threatened abortion by the presence of an open cervical os, indicating the ‘inevitable’ passage of the conception products.[5] In incomplete abortion, there is an ‘incomplete’ passage of the products of conception through the cervical os.[6] Complete abortion is defined as a ‘complete’ passage of all conception products.[5] Recurrent abortion is defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses.[1][5] Septic abortion can occur when retained products of conception become infected, which usually occurs in the setting of non-sterile induced abortion.[7]