Please confirm topic selection

Are you sure you want to trigger topic in your Anconeus AI algorithm?

Please confirm action

You are done for today with this topic.

Would you like to start learning session with this topic items scheduled for future?

Updated: Dec 30 2021

Pituitary Physiology

Images
https://upload.medbullets.com/topic/120093/images/pituitary.jpg
  • Introduction
    • The pituitary gland, or hypophysis, is set in the sella turcica, a depression of the sphenoid bone
    • It is split between
      • anterior pituitary
      • posterior pituitary
      • intermediate zone
        • produces melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) which stimulates melanin production in melanocytes
    • Regulation
      • the hypothalamus maintains homeostasis in the body
        • release hormones to trigger the anterior and posterior pituitary to release its hormones
          • corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) from hypothalamus triggers adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release from anterior pituitary
          • thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH) from hypothalamus triggers thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin release from anterior pituitary
      • negative feedback loop to hypothalamus, which will decrease its hormones, which will in turn decrease the amount of hormones released from the pituitary
  • Anterior Pituitary
    • Anterior pituitary
      • also known as adenohypophysis
      • glandular component made of endocrine cells
      • derived from oral ectoderm (Rathke’s pouch)
      • synthesizes and secretes multiple hormones
    • Hormones
      • produced in, stored in, and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
        • Anterior Pituitary Hormones
        • Hormone
        • Class
        • Function
        • Growth hormone
        • Protein
        • Growth of body tissues
        •  Promotes protein synthesis and tissue building
        • Prolactin
        • Peptide
        • Production of milk through mammary glands
        • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
        • Peptide
        • Stimulates adrenal cortex to release its hormones
        • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
        • Glycoprotein
        • Stimulates thyroid to release its hormones
        • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
        • Glycoprotein
        • Stimulates production of gametes, including ova and sperm, in gonads
        •  Promotes follicular growth
        • Luteinizing hormone (LH)
        • Glycoprotein
        • Stimulates androgen production in gonads
        •  Triggers ovulation in women
  • Posterior Pituitary
    • Posterior pituitary
      • also known as neurohypophysis
      • composed of neural tissues
      • derived from neuroectoderm
    • Hormones
      • produced by hypothalamus
      • stored in and secreted by the posterior pituitary
        • Posterior Pituitary Hormones
        • Hormone
        • Class
        • Function
        • Oxytocin
        • Peptide
        • Stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth
        • Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
        • Peptide
        • Stimulates reabsorption of water in the kidneys
Card
1 of 0
Question
1 of 1
Private Note