Anethesiology Drug Introduction Anesthesiology medications can be broken down into the following categories login to view 4 more bullets Anethesiology Drug Table Inhaled AgentsNameMechanism of Action Key Indication Key ToxicityGeneral AnestheticsHalothaneCortical, myocardial, respiratory depressionInhaled anestheticHepatotoxicityMalignant hyperthermiaEnfluraneProconvulsantMalignant hyperthermiaMethoxyfluraneNephrotoxicityMalignant hyperthermiaSevofluraneMalignant hyperthermiaNitrous oxideGas expansion when trapped in a body cavityNeuromuscular BlockersDepolarizing AgentsSuccinylcholineAch receptor agonist (sustained depolarization)Depolarizing neuromuscular blockadeHyperkalemiaavoid in burn and crush injury patientsMalignant hyperthermiatreat with dantrolene and coolingNon-Depolarizing Agents (Reversed with Neostigmine and Atropine)PancuroniumCompetitive antagonist of Ach receptorsNondepolarizing neuromuscular blockadeTachycardiaRespiratory depressionAtracuriumVecuroniumRocuroniumSedativesAtropineMuscarinic antagonistSedativeCholinergic crisis (organophosphate poisoning)Dry skinFlushed skinConstipationUrinary retentionCycloplegiaKetamineNMDA antagonistDissociative anestheticNeuropathic pain syndromesDisorientationHallucinationsNystagmus (vertical, horizontal, or rotary)LaryngospasmMidazolamIncreases GABA type A channel opening frequencySedativeRelaxantShort-acting, high potency benzodiazepineRespiratory depressionDecreased blood pressureAmnesiaPropofolPotentiates activity at GABA type A channelsSedationRapid anesthesia inductionPain on injectionDecreased blood pressure (reduces cardiac inotropy)ThiopentalIncreases GABA channel opening durationInduction of anesthesiaRespiratory depressionCardiovascular depressionEtomidateGABAa agonistInduction agentNausea/vomitingSpasmsTransient adrenal suppressionLocal AnestheticsLidocaineBlocks voltage gated sodium channelsLocal anestheticFast onset (minutes)Short duration of symptom control (1-3 hours)SeizuresCardiac toxicitybradycardiaheart blockBupivacaineBlocks voltage gated sodium channelsLocal anestheticSlow onset (15 minutes)Long duration of symptom control (4-8 hours)SeizuresCardiac toxicity